MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitIn the search for the neural basis of behaviour, researchers tend to work backwards: they first collect data about a given characteristic, then search for brain imaging metrics that correlate with that measure. But recent developments in applied mathematics and neuroimaging have enabled researchers to adopt the opposite approach. By evaluating the importance of neural […]
A data-driven assessment of diagnoses of aphasia
When a patient suffering from brain damage struggles to speak or understand others speaking, she typically receives a diagnosis of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) or post-stroke aphasia (PSA). The label she is given depends on the cause of her brain damage: is it neurodegeneration or stroke? But while the underlying causes of PPA and PSA […]
A pioneering model of language resolves centuries-old contradictions
Communication lies at the heart of human life and society, and people who lose their ability to understand and produce language often suffer far-reaching difficulties. This condition, which typically arises through a brain injury like a stroke, is known as aphasia. Scientists began to study aphasic patients back in the 1800s, but because their explanations […]
Investigating the link between GABA deficits and frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Clinical syndromes caused by frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), including the behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), are pathologically distinct but share many behavioural, cognitive and physiological features. These shared features may in part occur from common deficits of major neurotransmitters like GABA. To further investigate the link between GABA deficits and […]
Behavioural disinhibition, glutamate, and GABA: mechanisms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Behavioural disinhibition is a common feature of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) syndromes. Impulsive behaviour in several neuropsychiatric diseases and FTLD have been linked with reduced levels of the neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA. This study aimed to investigate, through a transdiagnostic approach, whether prefrontal glutamate and GABA levels are reduced by FTLD and if these deficits […]
A transdiagnostic approach to capture the clinical spectrum of frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) syndromes are highly heterogeneous and overlapping in their clinical phenotype and brain morphometry. Thus, utilizing a transdiagnostic approach to capture the heterogeneous nature of FTLD is important for understanding and treating FTLD syndromes. The primary hypothesis of this study was that syndromes associated with FTLD are multidimensional rather than discrete clinical […]
The early role of apathy in frontotemporal dementia
A common feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is apathy. Having apathy symptoms, including deficits in working memory and mental/cognitive flexibility, has been linked to worse prognosis and survival for FTD patients. However, its role as an early marker of FTD progression is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess whether apathy in presymptomatic […]
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a spectrum of cognitive decline
Degeneration in the frontal lobes of the brain can produce many different syndromes, which have highly variable and overlapping clinical features. While clinical diagnostic criteria for these conditions has been refined in the last decade, a transdiagnostic approach to frontal lobe degeneration—which looks at variations in cognitive and behavioural traits, rather than diagnostic labels—may prove […]
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