Authors:

JACKSON, J., Rich, A., Moerel, D., Teichman, L., DUNCAN, J., WOOLGAR, A.

Reference:

Year of publication:

In Press

CBU number:

9144

Abstract:

A defining feature of human cognition is our ability to respond flexibly to what we see and hear, changing how we respond depending on our current goals. In fact, we can rapidly associate almost any input stimulus with any arbitrary behavioural response. This remarkable ability is thought to depend on a frontoparietal “multiple demand” circuit which is engaged by many types of cognitive demand and widely referred to as domain general. However, it is not clear how responses to multiple input modalities are structured within this system. Domain generality could be achieved by holding information in an abstract form that generalises over input modality, or in a modality-tagged form, which uses similar resources but produces unique codes to represent the information in each modality. We used a stimulusresponse task, with conceptually identical rules in two sensory modalities (visual and auditory), to distinguish between these possibilities. Multivariate decoding of functional magnetic resonance imaging data showed that representations of visual and auditory rules recruited overlapping neural resources but were expressed in modality-tagged nongeneralisable neural codes. Our data suggest that this frontoparietal system may draw on the same or similar resources to solve multiple tasks, but does not create modality-general representations of task rules, even when those rules are conceptually identical between domains. The ethical approval for this study does not allow us to share raw data openly. Source data for main report Figs. 2-5 and supplementary Figs. 1-3 is available on Open Science Framework (OSF) (osf.io/hcpku) and in the zip file above. Template regions of interest and the code used to analyse the current study are publicly available on OSF (osf.io/hcpku).

Data for this project is available at: osf.io/hcpku